宾语从句的用法

时间:2024-03-23 22:59:45编辑:奇事君

宾语从句用法详解

  名词性从句在复合句中作谓语动词、 非谓语动词、 介词的宾语时被称为宾语从句。下面我就给大家带来宾语从句的基本用法详解,一起来看看吧。    一、定义   宾语从句就是一个句子的宾语部分是由另一个句子来充当。宾语从句需要用引导词来引导。学好宾语从句,必须过“三关”。即引导词关、语序关、时态关。    二、引导词关   引导宾语从句的引导词分为三类,即:   1)。That在从句中不充当任何成分,也无实义,只是起到连接的作用。   通常在say, think, wish , hope, see, believe, agree, expect, hear , feel等动词后加that,引导宾语从句。连词that在口语中常被省略。󰀀   如:He said that he was a student.   I thought that he was wrong.󰀀   ☆注意:A) 引导宾语从句的that 常可以省略,但下列情况下不能省略。   (1)and连接两个或两个以上的宾语从句,除第一个从句中的that以外,后面从句中的 that不能省略。   如:I know (that) he is a good student and that he likes basketball.   (2)、that引导的宾语从句作介词宾语时,that不能省略。   如: I know nothing about him except that he is from the south.   (3)、主句谓语动词与that从句之间有插入语,that不可省略。   如:We decided, considering his age, that we would not let him do the job.   B) 常这样用的动词有find,feel,consider,make,believe 等。   如:He doesn’t want it to be known that he is going away.   C) think, believe, imagine, suppose, consider, expect, fancy,guess等表示主观看法或认识的动词,.   如:I don’t think he will come to my party.(而不能说成I think he won’t come to my party.) I don’t believe that he is a good student, is he? 我认为他不是个好学生,不是吗? I don’t think you are right.   I don’t believe that they have finished their work.   比较:she believes that I am not a good student.   2)常可以互换。   如:I don't know whether/if I should go to the party tomorrow.   注意:在以下情况中,只能用whether。   A) 在动词不定式之前只能用whether   如:I can’t decide whether to stay.   B) 在whether …… or not 的固定搭配中,只能用whether。   如:I want to know whether she is a student or not.   C) 在介词后,只能用whether。   如:His father is worried about whether he has lost his work .   3 A) 疑问代词包括what,who, whom, which,whose, whoever, whatever, whichever等.。 如: Do you know who (whom) they are waiting for?   I don't know what they want.   John told me which girl he liked most..   I want to know whose father that old man is.   I will give you whatever you want.   You can meet whoever you want to see.   You can choose whichever you like.   B) 疑问副词包括when, where, how, why, whenever,wherever,however等。   如: Could you tell me how we can get to the station?   He told me when we should go to the airport.   I told him where he should go.   I don't know why he is so angry.   You can come whenever you are free.   You can go wherever you like.   4)另外:宾语从句可做动词宾语,介词宾语,及某些形容词甚至是副词的宾语. 例如:   1、He said that he was a student.(that从句是said的宾语)   2、宾语从句作介词的宾语,常常有两种情况:   A) wh-类的介词宾语从句   如:We are talking about where we should go.(疑问代词where从句作介词about的宾语) The teacher is quite satisfied with what you have done.(疑问代词what引导的宾语从句时介词with的宾语)   B)用that,whether引导的介词宾语从句   如:except,but,besides三个介词后常常可以见到that引导的宾语从句。 We are talking about whether we should go camping.   3、常常用来引导宾语从句的形容词有:sure, certain, glad, please, happy, sorry, afraid, satisfied, surprised。That常常可以省略。   如:I am sure (that) I will pass the exam.   Mary was pleased (that) she had passed the final exam.. (that引导的宾语从句是形容词pleased的宾语)   4、I will find out where he has gone(where引导的宾语从句作副词out的宾语).    三、语序关   如:1、Tom said. +He is reading a book.   → Tom said that he was reading a book.   2、He asks me. +Are they playing a game?   → He asks me if/whether they are playing a game.(宾语从句,陈述语序)   3、Where is the hospital? He told me.   → He told me Where the Hospital was.   4、I don't know who he is    四、时态关   宾语从句的时态。   宾语从句的时态受主句的限制,既:   1   如: I think he is a clever boy.   I think he has gone to Beijing.   I think he bought the book yesterday.   则从句要用过去完成时态。   如:he said he was reading.   He said he would go to Beijing tomorrow.   He forgot whether he had locked the door.   对比理解下列几组句子:   例:1)She says that she is a student.   She said that she was a student.   2)She says that she will fly to Japan in a week.   She said that she would fly to Japan in a week.   3)She says that she has finished her homework already.   She said that she had finished her homework already.   4)She says that she can sing a song in English.   She said that she could sing a song in English.   3、当宾语从句叙述的是客观事实、真理、自然现象、名言警句、谚语等,不管主句是 什么时态,从句一律用一般现在时。   例: He told me that Japan is an island country.(客观事实)

宾语从句用法

在主从复合句中充当宾语,位于及物动词、介词或复合谓语之后的从句称为宾语从句。宾语从句(OBJECT CLAUSE)是名词性从句的一种。在主从复合句中充当宾语,位于及物动词、介词或复合谓语之后的从句称为宾语从句。宾语从句分为三类:动词的宾语从句,介词的宾语从句和形容词的宾语从句。语法是语言的组织规律,任何人在使用语言时,不管他是否学过语法,都须合乎语法。另外,总结语法本身的规律也能加深我们对语言的理解,让我们能够真正熟练地运用语言。宾语:指一个动作 (动词)的接受者,常置于动词之后,也有双宾语结构例句:he gave me a book,类似拥有me和book两个宾语的句子叫双宾语句,在复合句中,由一个句子充当宾语,这个句子就叫做宾语从句。置于动词、介词等词性后面起宾语作用的从句叫宾语从句。宾语从句的语序必须是陈述语序。谓语动词、介词、动词不定式、动词现在分词、过去式、过去分词后面都能带宾语从句。有些形容词(afraid,sure,glad等)之后也可以带宾语从句。

宾语从句的用法归纳总结

宾语从句的用法归纳总结宾语从句是主从复合句中用作宾语的从句,通常由连词that、whether(if)以及连接代词或连接副词引导。宾语从句的词序要用陈述句词序,不能用疑问句词序。 宾语从句的引导词有三种情况:一是用that引导,that只起引导词作用,不充当句子成分,且通常可以省略;二是用if或whether引导,if和whether引导宾语从句,不充当句子成分,但有词义,表示“是否”;三是在特定情况下,连接代词或连接副词也可以引导宾语从句。 宾语从句的连接词需要根据具体情况进行选择,同时需要注意一些特殊情况,如连接两个或两个以上的宾语从句时,第一个从句中的that可省略,后面的that不能省。

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