乌雕

时间:2023-06-09 03:30:30编辑:奇事君
简介

雕亚科在我国有4属9种:林雕Ictinaetus malayensis、乌雕Aquila clanga、草原雕Aquila nipalensis、白肩雕Aquila heliaca、金雕Aquila chrysaetos、白腹隼雕Hieraaetus fasciatus、靴隼雕Hieraaetus pennatus、棕腹隼雕Hieraaetus kienerii。金雕分布遍及欧亚大陆、北美洲和非洲北部等地,为留鸟,在我国的分布于东北及中西部山区。全世界共分化为5个亚种,我国有2个。体长近1米,体重6千克左右,翅展达2.3米,是雕中最大的一种。多栖息于高山草原和针叶林地区,性凶猛而力强,捕食雉类、鸽鸠、雁鸭、野兔,甚至幼年野猪、麝等。哈萨克人训练其狩猎和驱赶野狼、看护羊圈,蒙古猎人更盛行驯养金雕来捕狼。数量稀少,且从未有人工繁殖成功过的记录,为我国国家一级保护动物。

雕亚科的种类

冠雕属 Morphnus (crested eagle)

冠雕 Morphnus guianensis (crested eagle)

角雕属 Harpia (harpy eagle)

角雕 Harpia harpyja (harpy eagle)

新几内亚雕属 Harpyopsis (Papuan harpy eagle)

新几内亚雕 Harpyopsis novaeguineae (New Guinea eagle)

菲律宾雕属 Pithecophaga (Philippine eagle)

菲律宾雕(食猴鹰)Pithecophaga jefferyi

林雕属 Ictinaetus (Indian black eagle)

林雕 Ictinaetus malayensis (black eagle)

雕属 Aquila (golden eagles)

西班牙雕 Aquila adalberti (Adalbert's eagle)

楔尾雕 Aquila audax (wedge-tailed eagle)

金雕 Aquila chrysaetos (golden eagle)

乌雕 Aquila clanga (greater spotted eagle)

格氏雕 Aquila gurneyi (Gurney's eagle)

白肩雕 Aquila heliaca (eastern Imperial eagle)

草原雕 Aquila nipalensis (steppe eagle)

小乌雕 Aquila pomarina (lesser spotted eagle)

茶色雕 Aquila rapax (tawny eagle)

黑雕 Aquila verreauxii (Verreaux's eagle)

细嘴雕 Aquila wahlbergi(Wahlberg's eagle)

隼雕属 Hieraaetus (African hawk-eagles)

艾氏隼雕 Hieraaetus ayresii (Ayres's hawk-eagle)

白腹隼雕 Hieraaetus fasciatus (Bonelli's eagle)

棕腹隼雕 Hieraaetus kienerii (rufous-bellied eagle)

小隼雕 Hieraaetus morphnoides (little eagle)

靴隼雕 Hieraaetus pennatus (booted eagle)

非洲隼雕 Hieraaetus spilogaster (African hawk-eagle)

猛雕属 Polemaetus (martial eagle)

猛雕 Polemaetus bellicosus (martial eagle)

黑白鹰雕属 Spizastur (black-and-white hawk-eagle)

黑白鹰雕 Spizastur melanoleucus (black-and-white )

长冠鹰雕属 Lophaetus (long-crested eagle)

长冠鹰雕 Lophaetus occipitalis (long-crested eagle)

鹰雕属

Spizaetus (hawk-eagles)

非洲鹰雕 Spizaetus africanus (Cassin's hawk-eagle)

马来鹰雕 Spizaetus alboniger (Blyth's hawk-eagle)

爪哇鹰雕 Spizaetus bartelsi (Javan hawk-eagle)

凤头鹰雕 Spizaetus cirrhatus (changeable hawk-eagle)

苏拉鹰雕 Spizaetus lanceolatus (Sulawesi hawk-eagle)

华氏鹰雕 Spizaetus nanus (Wallace's hawk-eagle)

鹰雕 Spizaetus nipalensis (mountain hawk-eagle)

丽鹰雕 Spizaetus ornatus (ornate hawk-eagle)

菲律宾鹰雕 Spizaetus philippensis (Philippine hawk-eagle)

黑鹰雕 Spizaetus tyrannus (black hawk-eagle)

非洲冠雕属 Stephanoaetus (crowned hawk-eagle)

非洲冠雕(冕鹰雕)Stephanoaetus coronatus

黑栗雕属 Oroaetus (black-and-chestnut eagle)

黑栗雕 Oroaetus isidori (black-and-chestnut eagle)

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